/* =========================================================
   Handasa Arabia
   Local development stylesheet
   ========================================================= */

:root {
  --color-primary: #167a3f;
  --color-primary-dark: #0f5f31;
  --color-accent: #2fa85f;
  --color-accent-dark: #1d8f4c;
  --color-text: #172019;
  --color-muted: #68756d;
  --color-bg: #ffffff;
  --color-bg-soft: #f6faf7;
  --color-border: #dfe9e2;
  --color-card: #ffffff;
  --shadow-soft: 0 18px 50px rgba(20, 74, 42, 0.08);

  --container: 1180px;
  --radius-sm: 10px;
  --radius-md: 18px;
  --radius-lg: 28px;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scrollbar-gutter: stable;
}

body {
  font-family: Inter, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  color: var(--color-text);
  background: var(--color-bg);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

button,
input {
  font: inherit;
}

.container {
  width: min(calc(100% - 40px), var(--container));
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.article-content p{
margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

/* Header */
.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.94);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(223, 230, 238, 0.85);
  backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
}

.header-inner {
  min-height: 78px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 32px;
}

.brand {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.brand-logo {
  width: 230px;
  max-height: 52px;
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: left center;
}

.main-nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 26px;
}

.main-nav a {
  position: relative;
  font-size: 0.94rem;
  font-weight: 650;
  color: #3c485b;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.main-nav a::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  bottom: -8px;
  width: 100%;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--color-accent);
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.main-nav a:hover,
.main-nav a:focus-visible {
  color: var(--color-primary);
}

.main-nav a:hover::after,
.main-nav a:focus-visible::after {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.menu-toggle {
  display: none;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 110;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  flex: 0 0 44px;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 12px;
  background: var(--color-bg-soft);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.menu-toggle:hover,
.menu-toggle:focus-visible {
  border-color: var(--color-border);
  background: #ffffff;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(21, 73, 39, 0.10);
  outline: none;
}

.menu-line {
  position: absolute;
  width: 24px;
  height: 2px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--color-text);
  transition: transform 0.28s ease, opacity 0.2s ease, background 0.2s ease;
}

.menu-line:nth-child(1) {
  transform: translateY(-7px);
}

.menu-line:nth-child(2) {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.menu-line:nth-child(3) {
  transform: translateY(7px);
}

.menu-toggle.is-active .menu-line:nth-child(1) {
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}

.menu-toggle.is-active .menu-line:nth-child(2) {
  opacity: 0;
}

.menu-toggle.is-active .menu-line:nth-child(3) {
  transform: rotate(-45deg);
}

.menu-toggle.is-active {
  position: fixed;
  top: max(15px, env(safe-area-inset-top));
  right: max(18px, env(safe-area-inset-right));
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(21, 73, 39, 0.10);
}

.menu-toggle.is-active:hover {
  background: var(--color-bg-soft);
}

.nav-overlay {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100vw;
  height: 100vh;
  height: 100dvh;
  z-index: 98;
  border: 0;
  background: rgba(11, 31, 18, 0.48);
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: opacity 0.3s ease, visibility 0.3s ease;
}

.nav-overlay.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
  pointer-events: auto;
}

/* Hero */
.hero {
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 40px 0;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 85% 20%, rgba(47, 168, 95, 0.12), transparent 28%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 15% 10%, rgba(22, 122, 63, 0.08), transparent 24%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff 0%, #f7fbf8 100%);
}

.hero-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.05fr) minmax(420px, 0.95fr);
  gap: 20px;
  align-items: center;
}

.eyebrow {
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  color: var(--color-accent-dark);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.hero h1 {
  max-width: 850px;
  font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 6vw, 5.6rem);
  line-height: 1.02;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
}

.hero-text {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin-top: 26px;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 1.15rem;
}

.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 14px;
  margin-top: 34px;
}

.btn {
  min-height: 48px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 999px;
  padding: 12px 22px;
  font-weight: 750;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, background 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.btn:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.btn-primary {
  color: #fff;
  background: var(--color-primary);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
  background: var(--color-primary-dark);
}

.btn-secondary {
  color: var(--color-primary);
  background: #fff;
  border-color: var(--color-border);
}

.hero-panel {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: flex-end;
}

.hero-visual-grid {
  width: min(100%, 540px);
  min-height: 570px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  grid-template-rows: 1.28fr 0.72fr;
  gap: 12px;
  padding: 12px;
}

.hero-visual {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 10px;
  background: #dfe9e2;
}

.hero-visual-main {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
}

.hero-visual img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: none;
  object-position: 82% center;
  transition: transform 0.35s ease;
}

.hero-visual::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 45% 0 0;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, transparent, rgba(7, 42, 22, 0.82));
}

.hero-visual span {
  position: absolute;
  right: 18px;
  bottom: 14px;
  left: 18px;
  z-index: 1;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.hero-visual:hover img,
.hero-visual:focus-visible img {
  transform: scale(1.035);
}

/* Shared sections */
.category-section,
.latest-section,
.about-section,
.newsletter-section {
  padding: 25px 0;
}

.section-heading {
  
  margin-bottom: 38px;
}

.section-heading h2,
.about-section h2,
.newsletter-section h2 {
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.2rem);
  line-height: 1.1;
  letter-spacing: -0.035em;
}

.section-heading > p:last-child {
  margin-top: 16px;
  color: var(--color-muted);
}

.section-heading-row {
  max-width: none;
  display: flex;
  align-items: end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
}

.text-link {
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-weight: 750;
}

/* Categories */
.category-section {
  background: var(--color-bg);
}

.category-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(12, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 20px;
}

.category-card {
  grid-column: span 3;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: var(--color-card);
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.category-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-5px);
  border-color: rgba(47, 168, 95, 0.42);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-soft);
}

.category-thumbnail {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
  background: var(--color-bg-soft);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.category-card-body {
  padding: 22px 22px 24px;
}

.category-card h3 {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
}

.category-card p {
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 0.94rem;
}

/* Category pages */
.category-page-hero {
  padding: 40px 0;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff 0%, var(--color-bg-soft) 100%);
}

.category-page-hero .back-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 750;
}

.category-banner {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  background: #eef5f0;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-soft);
}

.category-banner img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.category-intro {
  padding: 40px 0 30px;
}

.category-intro-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.75fr) minmax(0, 1.25fr);
  gap: 30px;
  align-items: start;
}

.category-intro h1 {
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 5vw, 4.8rem);
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
}

.category-lead {
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 1.12rem;
}

.category-lead p + p {
  margin-top: 18px;
}

.topic-section {
  padding: 40px 0;
  background: var(--color-bg-soft);
}

.topic-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 20px;
}

.topic-card {
  min-height: 220px;
  padding: 28px;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: #fff;
}

.topic-card span {
  display: inline-grid;
  min-width: 38px;
  height: 38px;
  place-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 34px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  color: #fff;
  background: var(--color-primary);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 850;
}

.topic-card h2 {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  font-size: 1.28rem;
}

.topic-card p {
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 0.94rem;
}

.category-route-section {
  padding: 56px 0;
}

.category-route-section .section-heading {
  max-width: 820px;
}

.category-route-card {
  min-height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.category-route-card > p {
  margin: 0;
}

.category-route-links {
  display: grid;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: 24px;
  padding-top: 20px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.category-route-links a {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 14px;
  color: var(--color-primary-dark);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  line-height: 1.45;
  transition: color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}

.category-route-links a:hover,
.category-route-links a:focus-visible {
  color: var(--color-accent-dark);
  transform: translateX(3px);
  outline: none;
}

.category-route-links b {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.category-bridge {
  padding: 64px 0;
  background: #fff;
}

.category-bridge-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.8fr) minmax(0, 1.2fr);
  gap: clamp(36px, 7vw, 90px);
  align-items: start;
}

.category-bridge h2 {
  max-width: 500px;
  font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 4vw, 3.35rem);
  line-height: 1.08;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
}

.category-bridge-copy {
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 1.04rem;
}

.category-bridge-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: 28px;
}

.category-bridge-links a {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  min-height: 42px;
  padding: 9px 15px;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: 999px;
  color: var(--color-primary-dark);
  background: var(--color-bg-soft);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  transition: border-color 0.2s ease, background 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}

.category-bridge-links a:hover,
.category-bridge-links a:focus-visible {
  border-color: rgba(22, 122, 63, 0.32);
  background: #fff;
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  outline: none;
}

.category-explore {
  padding: 40px 0;
}

.category-explore-box {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 32px;
  padding: 38px 42px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  color: #fff;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0d4f29, var(--color-primary));
}

.category-explore-box h2 {
  font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3vw, 2.5rem);
  line-height: 1.12;
}

.category-explore-box p {
  max-width: 620px;
  margin-top: 10px;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.76);
}

.category-explore-box .btn {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  color: var(--color-primary-dark);
  background: #fff;
}

/* Articles */
.latest-section {
  background: var(--color-bg-soft);
}

.article-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.3fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 22px;
}

.homepage-article-grid {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.homepage-article-grid .article-card {
  display: flex;
  min-width: 0;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.homepage-article-grid .article-card-featured {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.28fr) minmax(320px, 0.72fr);
}

.homepage-article-grid .article-card-featured .article-image {
  min-height: 390px;
}

.homepage-article-grid .article-card-featured .article-image img {
  height: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: auto;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.homepage-article-grid .article-body {
  display: flex;
  flex: 1;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.homepage-article-grid .article-meta {
  margin-top: auto;
  padding-top: 20px;
}

.article-card {
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: #fff;
}

.article-image {
  display: block;
}



.article-body {
  padding: 24px;
}

.article-category {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: 11px;
  color: var(--color-accent-dark);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}

.article-body h3 {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.article-card-featured h3 {
  font-size: 1.7rem;
}

.article-body h3 a:hover {
  color: var(--color-primary);
}

.article-body > p {
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 0.94rem;
}

.article-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px 18px;
  margin-top: 20px;
  color: #8791a1;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
}

/* About */
.about-section {
  background: #fff;
}

.about-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 30px;
  align-items: start;
}

.about-copy {
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.about-copy p + p {
  margin-top: 18px;
}

/* About publication page */
.about-page-hero {
  padding: clamp(64px, 9vw, 118px) 0;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 86% 16%, rgba(47, 168, 95, 0.16), transparent 34%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff 0%, var(--color-bg-soft) 100%);
}

.about-page-hero-inner {
  max-width: 980px;
}

.about-page-hero h1 {
  max-width: 920px;
  font-size: clamp(2.7rem, 7vw, 6.1rem);
  line-height: 0.98;
  letter-spacing: -0.052em;
}

.about-page-lead {
  max-width: 820px;
  margin-top: 28px;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 2vw, 1.28rem);
  line-height: 1.72;
}

.about-page-nav {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: 34px;
}

.about-page-nav a {
  display: inline-flex;
  min-height: 42px;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 9px 16px;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: 999px;
  color: var(--color-primary-dark);
  background: #fff;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  transition: border-color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.about-page-nav a:hover,
.about-page-nav a:focus-visible {
  border-color: rgba(22, 122, 63, 0.38);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 28px rgba(20, 74, 42, 0.08);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  outline: none;
}

.about-page-section {
  padding: clamp(58px, 8vw, 92px) 0;
  scroll-margin-top: 92px;
}

.about-page-section-soft {
  background: var(--color-bg-soft);
}

.about-page-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.72fr) minmax(0, 1.28fr);
  gap: clamp(40px, 8vw, 96px);
  align-items: start;
}

.about-page-heading h2,
.about-contact-box h2 {
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4.5vw, 3.7rem);
  line-height: 1.06;
  letter-spacing: -0.042em;
}

.about-page-copy {
  color: #37433c;
  font-size: 1.06rem;
  line-height: 1.86;
}

.about-page-note {
  margin-top: 30px;
  padding: 24px 26px;
  border-left: 4px solid var(--color-primary);
  border-radius: 0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm) 0;
  color: #23422e;
  background: var(--color-bg-soft);
}

.about-policy-heading {
  max-width: 860px;
}

.about-policy-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 20px;
}

.about-policy-card {
  padding: 28px;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 42px rgba(20, 74, 42, 0.05);
}

.about-policy-card h3 {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  font-size: 1.24rem;
  line-height: 1.25;
}

.about-policy-card p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 0.94rem;
}

.about-contact-box {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 46px;
  padding: clamp(30px, 5vw, 54px);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff, var(--color-bg-soft));
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-soft);
}

.about-contact-box > div {
  max-width: 760px;
}

.about-contact-box > div > p:last-child {
  margin-top: 16px;
  color: var(--color-muted);
}

.about-contact-box .btn {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
}

/* Newsletter */
.newsletter-section {
  padding-top: 0;
}

.newsletter-box {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  gap: 46px;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 46px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  color: #fff;
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, #0d4f29, var(--color-primary) 55%, var(--color-accent-dark));
}

.newsletter-box .eyebrow {
  color: #bff3cf;
}

.newsletter-box p:last-child {
  margin-top: 12px;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.76);
}


.btn-primary {
  color: var(--color-primary-dark);
  background: #fff;
}

.homepage-cta-box {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
}

.homepage-cta-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  gap: 10px;
}

.homepage-cta-actions .btn-primary {
  color: var(--color-primary-dark);
  background: #fff;
}

.homepage-cta-actions .btn-secondary {
  color: #fff;
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.42);
  background: transparent;
}

.homepage-cta-actions .btn-secondary:hover {
  border-color: #fff;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

/* Footer */
.site-footer {
  padding: 62px 0 24px;
  color: #d6e7da;
  background: #0d2a18;
}

.footer-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.65fr) repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 36px;
}

.brand-footer {
  padding: 10px 14px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  background: #fff;
}

.footer-brand p {
  max-width: 430px;
  margin-top: 20px;
  color: #9fb7a5;
}

.footer-links {
  display: grid;
  align-content: start;
  gap: 10px;
}

.footer-publication {
  min-width: 0;
}

.footer-links h3 {
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.footer-links a {
  color: #a9c1af;
}

.footer-links a:hover,
.footer-bottom a:hover {
  color: #fff;
}

.footer-bottom {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 24px;
  margin-top: 48px;
  padding-top: 24px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  color: #8da596;
  font-size: 0.84rem;
}

.footer-bottom div {
  display: flex;
  gap: 20px;
}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  body.nav-open {
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  .site-header {
    backdrop-filter: none;
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: none;
  }

  .header-inner {
    min-height: 74px;
  }

  .menu-toggle {
    display: inline-flex;
  }

  .main-nav {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: auto;
    z-index: 100;
    width: min(88vw, 420px);
    height: 100vh;
    height: 100dvh;
    max-width: none;
    min-width: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 8px;
    padding: calc(94px + env(safe-area-inset-top)) 26px calc(32px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom));
    background:
      linear-gradient(150deg, rgba(47, 168, 95, 0.10), transparent 180px),
      #ffffff;
    border-left: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    box-shadow: -24px 0 64px rgba(21, 73, 39, 0.18);
    transform: translate3d(100%, 0, 0);
    visibility: hidden;
    pointer-events: none;
    transition:
      transform 0.34s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1),
      visibility 0s linear 0.34s;
    overflow-x: hidden;
    overflow-y: auto;
    overscroll-behavior: contain;
  }

  .main-nav.is-open {
    transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);
    visibility: visible;
    pointer-events: auto;
    transition:
      transform 0.34s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1),
      visibility 0s linear 0s;
  }

  .main-nav a {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 18px;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 14px 16px;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
    border-radius: 12px;
    color: var(--color-text);
    font-size: 1.02rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateX(18px);
    transition:
      color 0.2s ease,
      background 0.2s ease,
      border-color 0.2s ease,
      transform 0.28s ease,
      opacity 0.28s ease;
  }

  .main-nav.is-open a {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateX(0);
  }

  .main-nav.is-open a:nth-child(2) { transition-delay: 0.03s; }
  .main-nav.is-open a:nth-child(3) { transition-delay: 0.06s; }
  .main-nav.is-open a:nth-child(4) { transition-delay: 0.09s; }
  .main-nav.is-open a:nth-child(5) { transition-delay: 0.12s; }
  .main-nav.is-open a:nth-child(6) { transition-delay: 0.15s; }
  .main-nav.is-open a:nth-child(7) { transition-delay: 0.18s; }
  .main-nav.is-open a:nth-child(8) { transition-delay: 0.21s; }

  .main-nav a::after {
    position: static;
    display: block;
    width: 8px;
    height: 8px;
    flex: 0 0 8px;
    border: solid currentColor;
    border-width: 1.5px 1.5px 0 0;
    background: transparent;
    transform: rotate(45deg);
    transform-origin: center;
  }

  .main-nav a:hover,
  .main-nav a:focus-visible {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    border-color: var(--color-border);
    background: var(--color-bg-soft);
    outline: none;
  }

  .main-nav a[aria-current="page"] {
    color: var(--color-primary-dark);
    border-color: rgba(47, 168, 95, 0.20);
    background: rgba(47, 168, 95, 0.10);
  }

  .hero-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .hero-panel {
    justify-content: flex-start;
  }

  .hero-visual-grid {
    width: 100%;
    min-height: 520px;
  }

  .category-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .category-card {
    grid-column: auto;
  }

  .article-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  }

  .article-card-featured {
    grid-column: span 2;
  }

  .homepage-article-grid .article-card-featured {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.08fr) minmax(280px, 0.92fr);
  }

  .newsletter-box {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .homepage-cta-actions {
    justify-content: flex-start;
  }

  .footer-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .footer-brand {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
  }

  .about-page-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 34px;
  }

  .about-policy-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .about-contact-box {
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .category-intro-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 28px;
  }

  .category-bridge-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 28px;
  }

  .topic-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }
}

/* Article and category archive pages */
.article-archive {
  padding: 20px 0;
  background: var(--color-surface);
}

.archive-grid,
.related-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 24px;
}

.archive-card,
.related-card {
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: 20px;
  box-shadow: 0 14px 40px rgba(20, 54, 31, 0.07);
}

.archive-card > a,
.related-card > a {
  display: flex;
  height: 100%;
  flex-direction: column;
  color: inherit;
}

.archive-card img,
.related-card img,
.article-image img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.archive-card-body,
.related-card-body {
  display: flex;
  flex: 1;
  flex-direction: column;
  padding: 24px;
}

.archive-card h3,
.related-card h3 {
  margin: 8px 0 12px;
  font-size: 1.24rem;
  line-height: 1.28;
}

.archive-card p,
.related-card p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--color-muted);
}

.card-kicker {
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.card-read {
  margin-top: auto;
  padding-top: 20px;
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.article-hero {
  padding: 20px 0 30px;
  background: #fff;
}

.article-meta-wrap {
  padding-top: 30px;
  background: #fff;
}

.article-meta-line {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px 20px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.reading-time {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  color: var(--color-primary-dark);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.meta-divider {
  color: var(--color-border-strong);
}

.breadcrumb {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.breadcrumb a {
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.breadcrumb a:hover,
.breadcrumb a:focus-visible {
  color: var(--color-primary-dark);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.breadcrumb [aria-current="page"] {
  color: var(--color-muted);
}

.article-hero-media {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
  min-height: clamp(440px, 50vw, 640px);
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 24px;
  background: #082717;
  box-shadow: 0 24px 65px rgba(20, 54, 31, 0.18);
}

.article-hero-visual {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.article-hero-visual img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
}

.article-hero-shade {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(2, 39, 21, 0.93) 0%, rgba(3, 48, 26, 0.78) 48%, rgba(2, 31, 18, 0.3) 100%);
}

.article-hero-copy {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: clamp(28px, 5vw, 72px);
  z-index: 2;
  width: min(72%, 900px);
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  color: #fff;
}

.article-hero-copy h1 {
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: clamp(2.35rem, 5vw, 4.9rem);
  line-height: 1.02;
  letter-spacing: -0.05em;
}

.article-hero-copy p {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.article-shell {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 760px) minmax(220px, 300px);
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 64px;
  padding-top: 10px;
  padding-bottom: 50px;
}

.article-content {
  color: #243129;
  font-size: 1.06rem;
  line-height: 1.86;
}

.article-content > h2:first-child + p {
  font-size: 1.22rem;
  color: #193c27;
}

.article-content h2 {
  margin: 20px auto;
  color: var(--color-text);
  font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3vw, 2.35rem);
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -0.035em;
}

.article-content > h2:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.article-content h3 {
  margin: 20px 0 10px;
  color: var(--color-text);
  font-size: 1.25rem;
}

.article-content a {
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.article-content ul,
.article-content ol {
  padding-left: 1.4rem;
}

.article-content li + li {
  margin-top: 10px;
}

.article-callout {
  margin: 34px 0;
  padding: 24px 26px;
  background: #eff8f1;
  border-left: 4px solid var(--color-primary);
  border-radius: 0 14px 14px 0;
}

.article-callout strong {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
  color: var(--color-primary-dark);
}

.article-table-wrap {
  overflow-x: auto;
  margin: 28px 0;
}

.article-table {
  width: 100%;
  min-width: 620px;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.article-table th,
.article-table td {
  padding: 15px 16px;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  text-align: left;
  vertical-align: top;
}

.article-table th {
  background: #eaf5ed;
  color: var(--color-primary-dark);
}

.article-sidebar {
  align-self: start;
  position: sticky;
  top: 100px;
}

.article-toc {
  padding: 24px;
  background: var(--color-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: 18px;
}

.article-toc h2 {
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.article-toc a {
  display: block;
  padding: 8px 0;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.article-toc a:hover {
  color: var(--color-primary);
}

.source-list {
  margin-top: 25px;
  padding-top: 28px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.source-list h2 {
  margin-top: 0;
  font-size: 1.35rem;
}

.related-section {
  padding: 20px 0 30px;
  background: var(--color-surface);
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .article-shell {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .article-sidebar {
    display: none;
  }

  .archive-grid,
  .related-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(1, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }
}

@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .archive-grid,
  .related-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .article-hero {
    padding: 12px 0;
  }

  .article-meta-line {
    gap: 8px 12px;
  }

  .meta-divider {
    display: none;
  }

  .breadcrumb {
    flex-basis: 100%;
  }

  .article-hero-media {
    min-height: 0;
    border-radius: 16px;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    background: #ffffff;
    box-shadow: 0 18px 46px rgba(20, 54, 31, 0.13);
  }

  .article-hero-visual {
    position: relative;
    inset: auto;
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  }

  .article-hero-visual img {
    object-position: center;
    transform: none;
  }

  .article-hero-shade {
    display: none;
  }

  .article-hero-copy {
    position: static;
    width: auto;
    padding: 22px 18px 24px;
    transform: none;
    color: var(--color-text);
  }

  .article-hero-copy h1 {
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    color: var(--color-text);
    font-size: clamp(1.55rem, 7vw, 2.15rem);
    line-height: 1.12;
    letter-spacing: -0.035em;
  }

  .article-hero-copy p {
    max-width: none;
    color: var(--color-muted);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
  }

  .article-shell {
    padding-top: 28px;
    padding-bottom: 64px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 700px) {
  .container {
    width: min(calc(100% - 28px), var(--container));
  }

  .header-inner {
    min-height: 68px;
  }

  .brand-logo {
    width: 178px;
  }

  .main-nav {
    width: min(88vw, 420px);
    height: 100vh;
    height: 100dvh;
    padding: calc(82px + env(safe-area-inset-top)) 16px calc(24px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom));
  }

  .main-nav a {
    padding: 15px 0;
    font-size: 0.98rem;
  }

  .hero {
    padding: 30px 0;
  }

  .hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 12vw, 4rem);
  }

  .hero-grid {
    gap: 20px;
  }

  .hero-visual-grid {
    min-height: 430px;
    padding: 8px;
    gap: 8px;
    border-radius: 22px;
  }
  .brand-footer{
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .hero-visual {
    border-radius: 15px;
  }

  .category-section,
  .latest-section,
  .about-section,
  .newsletter-section {
    padding: 30px 0;
  }

  .category-grid,
  .article-grid,
  .about-grid,
  .footer-grid,
  .topic-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .category-page-hero {
    padding: 34px 0;
  }

  .category-banner {
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
    border-radius: 20px;
  }

  .category-banner img {
    height: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: auto;
    object-position: right center;
    transform: scale(1.75);
    transform-origin: right center;
  }

  .category-intro,
  .topic-section,
  .category-bridge,
  .category-explore {
    padding: 20px 0;
  }

  .category-route-section {
    padding: 34px 0;
  }

  .category-route-card {
    min-height: 0;
    padding: 24px 22px;
  }

  .category-bridge-links {
    display: grid;
  }

  .category-bridge-links a {
    justify-content: space-between;
  }

  .category-explore-box {
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-direction: column;
    padding: 30px 24px;
  }

  .article-card-featured {
    grid-column: auto;
  }

  .homepage-article-grid .article-card-featured {
    grid-column: auto;
    display: flex;
  }

  .homepage-article-grid .article-card-featured .article-image {
    min-height: 0;
  }

  .homepage-article-grid .article-card-featured .article-image img {
    height: auto;
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  }

  .section-heading-row {
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .newsletter-box {
    padding: 30px 24px;
  }

  .homepage-cta-actions {
    display: grid;
    width: 100%;
  }

  .about-page-hero {
    padding: 54px 0;
  }

  .about-page-hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 12vw, 4rem);
  }

  .about-page-nav {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .about-page-nav a {
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .about-policy-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .about-policy-card {
    padding: 24px 22px;
  }

  .about-contact-box .btn {
    width: 100%;
  }


  .footer-bottom {
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-direction: column;
  }
}


@media (min-width: 1051px) {
  .menu-toggle.is-active {
    position: relative;
    top: auto;
    right: auto;
  }

  .main-nav a[aria-current="page"] {
    color: var(--color-primary);
  }

  .main-nav a[aria-current="page"]::after {
    transform: scaleX(1);
  }
}


@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  .main-nav::before {
    content: "Explore topics";
    display: block;
    margin: 0 16px 10px;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: 0.14em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }

  .main-nav,
  .main-nav.is-open,
  .main-nav a,
  .menu-line,
  .nav-overlay {
    transition-duration: 0.01ms;
    transition-delay: 0s;
  }
}